The Test of Chitosan Concentration Against Fusarium oxysporum Fungus that Causes Fusarium Basal Rot Disease of Shallot by In Vitro
Keywords:
Shallot, Fusarium Basal Rot, Chitosan
Abstract
The use of chemical fungicides continuously and not according to the rules can endanger the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out alternative control using chitosan organic chemical fungicides. This study aims to test and obtain the concentration of chitosan that can inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum that causes FBRt disease in shallots in vitro. The treatments tested were: several concentrations of chitosan 0 g.l-1 , 5 g.l-1 , 10 g.l-1 , 15 g.l-1 , 20 g.l-1 , 25 g.l-1 , 30 g.l-1 . The data obtained were analyzed statistically with ANOVA using the SPSS program. further tested with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) 5% level. The results showed that the application of chitosan concentration of 5 g.l-1 , 10 g.l-1 , 15 g.l-1 , 20 g.l-1 , 25 g.l-1 , 30 g.l-1 was able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum Chitosan concentration of 20 g.l-1 has a more capable ability in inhibiting the growth of fungi F. oxysporum causing F. oxysporum disease. oxysporum causing FBR disease on shallots in vitro with an average diameter of 76.56 mm, 14.92% inhibition. and able to inhibit the length and width of macroconidia of F. oxysporum fungus.
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Mashuni M, Ritonga H, Jahiding M, Hamid FH. Sintesis Kitosan dari Kulit Udang sebagai Bahan Membran Elektrode Au/Kitosan/GTA/AChE untuk Deteksi Pestisida. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia. 2022 Feb 2;18(1):112–21.
Saharan V, Sharma G, Yadav M, Choudhary MK, Sharma SS, Pal A, et al. Synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficacy of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles against pathogenic fungi of tomato. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015 Apr 1;1–8.
Rinaldi M, Syahrial M. Budidaya Bawang Merah. Jakarta: Garuda Pustaka; 2019.
Badan Pusat Statistik. Data Lima Tahun Terakhir. Jakarta; 2022.
Semangun H. Penyakit-Penyakit Tanaman Hortikultura di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press; 2007.
Dinas Pertanian dan Peternakan Provinsi Riau. Hasil Diagnosa Gejala Serangan Penyakit fusarium. Pekanbaru; 2016.
Elfina Y. Potensi Rhizobakteri Indegenus dan Kitosan untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Moler Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae pada Tanaman Bawang Merah. Laporan Kemajuan Penelitian Disertasi (Tidak dipublikasikan). Bandung: Tidak Dipublikasikan; 2020.
Irfandri, Ali M, Khavifah A. Identification the Causes of Diseases Caused by Fungi and the Intensity of Their Attacks on Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Bungaraya Village, Bungaraya Sub-district, Siak district. Jurnal Pertanian Tropik. 2022;9(1):075–90.
Djamaluddin RR, Sukmawaty E, Masriany, Hafsan. Identifikasi Gejala Penyakit dan Cendawan Patogen Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascolonicum) di Kecamatan Buntu Batu Kabupaten Enkerang. Teknosains: Media Informasi Sains dan Teknologi. 2022;16(1):81–92.
Ivayani, Faishol F, Sudihartha N, Prasetyo J. Efektivitas Beberapa Isolat Trichoderma Sp. Terhadap Keterjadian Penyakit Bulai yang Disebabkan oleh Peronosclerospora maydis dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays). Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 2018 Jan 29;18(1):39–45.
Kanani N, Wardhono EY, Adiwibowo MT, Pinem MP, Wardalia, Demustila H, et al. Ekstraksi Kitosan Berbasis Cangkang Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata) Menggunakan Gelombang Ultrasonikasi. Jurnal Integrasi Proses [Internet]. 2023;12(2):73–80. Available from: http://jurnal.untirta.ac.id/index.php/jip
Ranjani D. Uji Konsentrasi Kitosan Dalam Menekan Pertumbuhan Cendawan Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler & Bisby Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) Secara In Vitro. Padang; 2021.
Leslie JF, Summerell BA. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Australia: Blackwell Publishing; 2006.
Kalman B, Abraham D, Graph S, Perl-Treves R, Harel YM, Degani O. Isolation and Identification of Fusarium spp., The Causal Agents of Onion (Allium cepa) Basal Rot in Northeastern Israel. Biology (Basel). 2020 Apr 1;9(4).
Shamyuktha J, Sheela J, Rajinimala N, Jeberlinprabina BM, Ravindran C. Survey on Onion Basal Rot Disease Incidence and Evaluation of Aggregatum Onion (Allium cepa L. Var. Aggregatum Don.) Genotypes Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cepae. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2020 Jul 20;9(7):529–36.
Herlina L, Istiaji B, Wiyono S. The Causal Agent of Fusarium Disease Infested Shallots in Java Islands of Indonesia. In: E3S Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences; 2021.
Bektaş I, Küsek M. Phylogenetic and Morphological Characterization of Fusarium Oxysporum F.Sp. Cepae The Causal Agent of Basal Rot on Onion Isolated From Turkey. Fresenius Environ Bull [Internet]. 2019;28(3):1733–42. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332633592
Suwignyo S, Hersanti, Widiantini F. Pengaruh Kitosan Nano terhadap Penyakit Bercak Coklat (Alternaria solani Sor.) pada Tanaman Tomat. Jurnal Agrikultura. 2021;32(3):239–47.
Ing LY, Zin NM, Sarwar A, Katas H. Antifungal Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Correlation with their Physical Properties. Int J Biomater. 2012;
Pamekas T, Sumardiyono C, Pusposendjojo N, Indradewa D. Ekstraksi Karakterisasi dan Daya Penghambatan Kitosan Alami Terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum musae Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia. 2009;15(1):39–44.
Huang X, You Z, Luo Y, Yang C, Ren J, Liu Y, et al. Antifungal activity of chitosan against Phytophthora infestans, the pathogen of potato late blight. Int J Biol Macromol. 2021;166:1365–76.
Rosmaladewi O, Tandi M, Kulsum U. The Effect of Chitosan in Suppressing the Development of the Sheath Blight Disease (Rhizoctonia solani Khun) on Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Cropsaver. 2020;3(1):8–16.
Ghaouth AE, Arul J, Grenire J, Asselin A. Antifungal activity of chitosan on two postharvest pathogens of strawberry fruit. Phytopathology. 1992;82.
Baharuddin S. Uji Efektivitas Antijamur Kitosan Cangkang Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Epidermophyton floccosum dan Candida albicans. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian. 2021;2(2).
Rogis A, Pamekas T, Mucharromah. Karakteristik dan Uji Efikasi Bahan Senyawa Alami Chitosan Terhadap Patogen Pasca Panen Antraknosa Colletotrichum musae. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 2007;9(1):58–63.
Sarwono R. Pemanfaatan Kitin/Kitosan Sebagai Bahan Anti Mikroba. JKTI. 2010;12(1):32–28.
Published
2024-10-29
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2024 Yetti Elfina, Sukendi, Efriyeldi, Agus Sutikno
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
