The Performance of Several Superior Local Avocado Varieties in Lampung, Indonesia
Abstract
Avocado (Persea americana) is one of the fruit commodities with high economic value. Avocados are popular because of their delicious taste and many health benefits. Lampung Province is one of the provinces with the highest avocado production in Indonesia, with various names or varieties. The aim of this study is to identify the potential and introduce the morphological characteristics of five local Lampung avocado varieties that have received registration certificates from PPVTPP (Center for Plant Variety Protection and Agricultural Licensing) in Jakarta as an avocado germplasm source in Indonesia. The five local avocado varieties used are Lumbok, Ratu Puan, Sewu Jadi, Kastani, and Sipit Klawi to obtain qualitative characteristic data on stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seed morphology. Meanwhile, quantitative characteristics are mainly for leaf, fruit, and seed size by creating 4 groups as repetitions, each group consisting of 10 units for leaves, 3 units for fruits, and seeds arranged using a randomized block design. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan's test at a 5% significance level to observe differences between varieties. Based on their qualitative characteristics, the five varieties are almost the same, with only slight differences in the color and shape of the fruit. Meanwhile, based on the quantitative characteristics of fruit value, the Ratu Puan avocado is the best, having the highest edible fruit value at 84.80%, significantly different from the other four varieties. The weight per fruit and the thickness of the Ratu Puan avocado's flesh are not significantly different. The Lumbok avocado from West Lampung has the highest nutritional content of fat (4.41%), carbohydrates (18.99%), and sugar (15.40%) compared to the other avocado varieties.
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