Performance and Pest and Disease Resistance Tests Local Genotype of Lowland Rice
Abstract
Rice is a food commodity with economic value as the main staple to maintain national and global food stability. The need for rice is in genotype with population growth, so it is necessary to increase production and productivity. The development of superior varieties requires genetic resources from local rice genotypes from West Sumatra regions, including Marapulai, Silih Baganti, Bujang Marantau, Hitam Manih, Junjuang, Mundam, Papanai and so on. Information on plant performance tests related to growth, agronomic components, and resistance to pests and diseases of local genotypes of lowland rice is still very limited. The experiment aimed to obtain local genotypes of lowland rice that had the appearance and resistance to pests and diseases. The observed growth and yield components were planting height, number of productive tillers, flowering age, ripening age, panicle length, number of seeds per panicle, number of good seeds per panicle, 1000 grain weight, and dry grain weight per ha. Pest and disease resistance variables are; brown planthopper pests, bacterial leaf blight and blast disease. Observational data were analyzed by F test at 5% level with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5%. Analysis using PC software program Statistix ver 8.0. Collected data are observing pest and disease resistance based on assessment standards from the International Rice Research Institute. Based on the growth and agronomic components of the experiment, Maraplai was one of the genotypes that could be used as a superior variety, with the resistance of brown planthopper biotypes 1, 2 and 3 to making them susceptible. Marapulai local genotype has better growth and yield characteristics, as well as resistance to pests and diseases.
Downloads
References
Acharya, B., Shrestha, S. M., Manandhar, H. K., & Chaudhary, B. (2019). Screening of local, improved and hybrid rice genotypes against leaf blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae) at Banke district, Nepal. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 2(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v2i1.26013
Ansari, T. H., Ahmed, M., Akter, S., Mian, M. S., Latif, M. A., & Tomita, M. (2020). Estimation of Rice Yield Loss Using a Simple Linear Regression Model for Bacterial Blight Disease. Bangladesh Rice Journal, 23(1), 73–79. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v23i1.46083
Dianawati, N. dan E. S. (2015). Kajian berbagai varietas unggul terhadap serangan wereng batang coklat dan produksi padi di lahan sawah Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010437
Fatimah, F., & Prasetiyono, J. (2020). Pemanfaatan Piramida Gen Ketahanan Terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Dalam Mendukung Perakitan Varietas Unggul Padi. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 39(1), 11.
Fernandez, J., & Orth, K. (2018). Rise of a Cereal Killer: The Biology of Magnaporthe oryzae Biotrophic Growth. Trends in Microbiology, 26(7), 582–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2017.12.007
Huang, L., Yang, D., Li, X., Peng, S., & Wang, F. (2019). Coordination of high grain yield and high nitrogen use efficiency through large sink size and high post-heading source capacity in rice. Field Crops Research, 233, 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2019.01.005
International Rice Research Instiitute. (2013). Standard Evaluation System for Rice. International Rice Research Instiitute, June, 55. http://www.clrri.org/ver2/uploads/SES_5th_edition.pdf
Kawasaki-Tanaka, A., Hayashi, N., Yanagihara, S., & Fukuta, Y. (2016). Diversity and distribution of rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) races in Japan. Plant Disease, 100(4), 816–823. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-15-0442-RE
Mogiso, M., & Tarekegn, T. (2022). Response of upland rice variety to plant population under the low land agro-ecology of Bench Sheko Zone, South-west Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology, 12(1), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v12i1.61037
Mumpuni, R. P., & Rohmah, A. J. (2021). Application of biological control Paenibacillus polymyxa toward bacterial leaf blight disease in rice plant. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 637(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/637/1/012040
Naqvi, S. A. H. (2019). Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice: An Overview of Epidemiology and Management with Special Reference to-Indian-Sub-Continent. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 32(2). https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2019/32.2.359.380
Nasution, E. K. I., Satria, B., & Gustian, G. (2018). Evaluation of Various Local Rice Genotypes in the Mandailing Natal Province of North Sumatra. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 3(6), 2222–2225. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.6.37
Nazirah, L., Purba, E., Hanum, C., & Rauf, A. (2016). Characterization of Tolerant Upland Rice to Drought on Rooting and Physiology. Journal of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 3(2), 43–49.
Park, H.-S., Suh, J.-P., Baek, M.-K., Lee, C.-M., Kim, W.-J., Lee, G.-M., Kim, S.-M., Kim, C.-S., & Cho, Y.-C. (2020). Characterization of Yield and Panicle-related Traits of Early Maturing Rice Varieties by Cultivation Times in the Honam Plain Area of Korea. Korean Journal of Breeding Science, 52(2), 115–130. https://doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2020.52.2.115
Puspitasari, M. (2014). Diskripsi Sifat Khas Bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.
Rahmini, Hidayat, P., Ratna, E. S., Winasa, I. W., & Manuwoto, S. (2012). Respons Biologi Wereng Batang Coklat terhadap Biokimia Tanaman Padi. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan , 31(2), 117–123.
S. E. Ahnert. (2017). Structural properties of genotype phenotype maps. J. R. Soc. Interface. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsif.2017.0275
Seif, G., Ishraka, A., & Abdel-Wahab, A. (2019). Genetic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions collected from Sudan and IRRI using SSR markers. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 14(3), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.13554
Senewe, R. E., Permatasari, S., & Pesireron, M. (2020). Respon Hama Wereng Coklat Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) Terhadap Ketahanan Dan Kerentanan Varietas Padi. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian, 16(1), 51–55. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.1.51
Sopialena, Suyadi, Jannah, R., & Tantiani, D. (2021). Control of bacterial leaf blight disease in several varieties of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) by using bacteria of Paenibacilus polymyxa Mace. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 800(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/800/1/012026
Sudir, B. Nuryanto, & Kadi, T. S. (2015). Epidemiologi, Patotipe, dan Strategi Pengendalian Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Tanaman Padi. Iptek Tanaman Pangan, 7(2).
Sudir, & Yuliani, D. (2016). Composition and distribution of xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae pathotypes, the pathogen of rice bacterial leaf blight in Indonesia. Agrivita, 38(2), 174–185. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v38i2.588
TANG, L., XU, Z. jin, & CHEN, W. fu. (2017). Advances and prospects of super rice breeding in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(5), 984–991. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61604-0
Utami, D., Rosdianti, I., Dewi, I., Ambarwati, D., Sisharmini, A., Apriana, A., Yuriyah, S., Ridwan, I., & Somantri, I. (2016). Utilization of 384Snp Genotyping Technology for Seed Purity Testing of New Indonesian Rice Varieties Inpari Blas and Inpari Hdb. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 48(4), 416–424.
Wijayanto, T., Boer, D., Aco, A., Mu’Min, N., Khaeruni, A., Asniah, Rahni, N. M., Hisein, W. S. A., Arsyad, M. A., Mudi, L., Satrah, V. N., & Karimuna, L. (2022). Application of local microbes increases growth and yield of several local upland rice cultivars of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 951(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012011
Wijayanto, T., Jaya, A. A., Nurleni, Asniah, Suliartini, N. W. S., Satrah, V. N., Khaeruni, A., Rahni, N. M., Tufaila, M., & Ibrahim, T. (2021). The potential of Southeast Sulawesi local gogo rice genotypes. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 681(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/681/1/012076
Copyright (c) 2023 Oktaviandra Putra, Salfiati Salfiati, ediwirman edi wirman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
More Information
