Dosage of Metankos on Mortality of Oryctes rhinoceros L. and Growth of Oil Palm Seedlings in Peaty Area
Abstract
The primary challenge associated with oil palm cultivation in Riau is the infestation of rhinoceros beetles (Oryctes rhinoceros). Research has been conducted on the potential of the local biopesticide Metarhizium anisopliae to manage Oryctes rhinoceros, specifically through its application in a compost medium called Metankos. The effectiveness of this biopesticide is indicated by its pathogenicity towards Oryctes rhinoceros larvae on oil palm seedlings cultivated in peat soil. This study aimed to determine the optimal application dosage of Metankos compost for enhancing Oryctes rhinoceros mortality and promoting the growth of oil palm seedlings in peat soil. The experimental design was randomized entirely, consisting of five treatments with five replications. The treatments included varying doses of Metankos compost applied to oil palm nurseries: 0 kg, 0.1 kg, 0.2 kg, 0.3 kg, and 0.4 kg per plant. Observations were conducted to assess several parameters, including the initial time of death, lethal time (LT50), daily mortality rates, total mortality of larvae, plant height, number of fronds, frond length, stem diameter, wet weight, dry weight, temperature, and humidity. The findings of the study indicated that the most effective dosage for inducing mortality in Oryctes rhinoceros larvae was 0.4 kg of Metankos per plant, resulting in a 40% mortality rate, an average time to initial death of 3.75 days, and a lethal time (LT50) of 7.8 days; however, this dosage did not achieve the threshold for effectiveness. Conversely, the optimal dosage for promoting the growth of oil palm seedlings, as measured by height, number of fronds, and stem diameter, was also determined to be 0.4 kg per plant.
Downloads
References
Andri, R. K., & Wawan. (2017). Dosis pupuk kompos (greenbotane) terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di pembibitan utama. JOM Faperta UNRI, 4(2), 1–14.
Dinas Perkebunan Provinsi Riau. (2016). Data kerusakan kelapa sawit di Riau. Pekanbaru: Dinas Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit.
Fatma, D. M. (2009). Pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi caisim. Agronobis, 1(1), 89–98.
Fauzana, H., & Wardati. (2019). Ketebalan mulsa tandan kosong kelapa sawit pengaruhnya terhadap Oryctes rhinoceros dan peningkatan hara tanah pada ekosistem kelapa sawit. UNRI Conference Series Agriculture and Food Security, 1, 78–83.
Fauzana, H., Arda, F., Nelvia, R., Rustam, R., & Puspita, F. (2020). Test on several concentrations Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin in palm oil empty fruit bunch compost (metankos) to infecting Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1655, 1–9.
Fauzana, H., & Fadilla, M. (2022). Uji peningkatan konsentrasi Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) pada media kompos dalam mengendalikan larva Oryctes rhinoceros L. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 12(2), 65–72.
Fauzana, H., Nelvia, Rustam, R., & Puspita, F. (2022). Formulasi kompos hayati metankos mengandung biopestisida Metarhizium anisopliae lokal mengendalikan larva kumbang tanduk (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) pada kelapa sawit. Laporan Penelitian (Tidak Dipublikasikan). Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru.
Fauzana, H., Kortima, E., Nelvia, Rustam, R., & Puspita, F. (2022). The ability of compost materials containing entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin to suppress Oryctes rhinoceros L. larva. Journal Akta Agrosia, 25(2), 67–73.
Fauzana, H., Nelvia, Rustam, R., Puspita, F., & Feronika, R. (2023a). The dosage of biopesticide formulation of local Metarhizium anisopliae flour in compost (metankos) against Oryctes rhinoceros L. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 160(1), 1–9.
Fauzana, H., Rustam, R., Salbiah, D., & Aritonang, P. (2023b). Kesesuaian bahan organik kompos sebagai tempat hidup larva kumbang tanduk (Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus) pada lahan sawit. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman, 7(2), 11–21.
Ginting, S., Santoso, T., & Harahap, I. S. (2008). Patogenisitas beberapa isolat cendawan entomopatogen terhadap Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren dan Schedorhinotermes javanicus Kemmer. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika, 2(1), 20–33.
Hasnah, Susanna, & Sably, H. (2012). Keefektifan cendawan Beauveria bassiana Vuill terhadap mortalitas kepik hijau Nezara viridula L. pada stadia nimfa dan imago. Jurnal Floratek, 7, 13–24.
Heriyanto, & Suharno. (2008). Studi patogenitas Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) hasil perbanyakan medium cair terhadap Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius. Jurnal Hortikultura, 19(3), 334–343.
Holichah, S., Poerwanto, M. E., & Wicaksono, D. (2022). Jamur Metarhizium sebagai agen hayati pengendali hama tanaman. Yogyakarta: LPPM UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta.
Leonardo, A., Yulia, E., & Indra, S. (2016). Pemberian kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan mulsa helaian anak daun kelapa sawit pada medium tanam subsoil bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) tahap main nursery. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau, 3(1), 1–14.
Mahyuddin, Anwar, A., & Rakasiwi, A. (2019). Respon tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan terhadap pemberian kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di PT Padasa Enam Utama Tbk. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 7(2), 179–183.
Nurhadi, F., Astuti, Y. T. M., & Ginting, C. (2023). Pengaruh aplikasi kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pupuk NPK terhadap pembibitan kelapa sawit di pre-nursery. Agroforetech, 1(3), 1382–1386.
Nurida, N. L., Mulyani, A., & Agus, F. (2011). Pengelolaan gambut berkelanjutan. Bogor: Balai Penelitian Tanah, Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian.
Permadi, M. A., Lubis, R. A., & Siregar, I. K. (2019). Studi keragaman cendawan entomopatogen dari berbagai rizosfer tanaman hortikultura di Kota Padangsidimpuan. Penelitian dan Pembelajaran MIPA, 4(1), 1–9.
Prayogo, Y. (2006). Upaya mempertahankan keefektifan cendawan entomopatogen untuk mengendalikan hama tanaman pangan. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 25(2), 47–54.
Puspadewi, S., Sutari, W., & Kusumiyati, K. (2016). Pengaruh konsentrasi pupuk organik cair (POC) dan dosis pupuk N, P, K terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays L. var. Rugosa Bonaf) kultivar Talenta. Kultivasi, 15(3), 208–216.
Sakiah, S., Dibison, M. Y., & Irawan, R. I. (2018). Analisis total mikroba, bahan organik, dan respirasi tanah pada lahan aplikasi dan tanpa aplikasi tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Jurnal Agro Estate, 2(2), 109–115.
Susanti, U., Salbiah, D., & Loah, J. H. (2013). Uji beberapa konsentrasi Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin untuk mengendalikan hama kepik hijau (Nezara viridula L.) pada kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Jurnal Universitas Riau.
Syukri, A., Nelvia, & Adiwirman. (2019). Aplikasi kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pupuk NPK, Mg terhadap sifat kimia tanah ultisol dan kadar hara daun kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Jurnal Solum, 16(2), 49–59.
Tampubolon, D. Y., Pangestiningsih, Y., Zahara, F., & Manik, F. (2013). Uji patogenesis Bacillus thuringiensis dan Metarhizium anisopliae terhadap mortalitas Spodoptera litura Fabr. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) di laboratorium. Jurnal Online Agroteknologi, 1(3), 783–793.
Thalib, R., Fernando, R., Khodijah, Meidalima, D., & Herlinda, S. (2013). Patogenisitas isolat Beauveria bassiana dan Metarhizium anisopliae asal tanah lebak dan pasang surut Sumatera Selatan untuk agens hayati Scirpophaga incertulas. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Tropika, 13(1), 10–18.
Warsito, J., Sabang, S. M., & Mustapa, K. (2016). Pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Jurnal Akademika Kimia, 5(1), 8–15.
Yuniarti, A., Solihin, E., & Putri, A. T. (2020). Aplikasi pupuk organik dan N, P, K terhadap pH tanah, P tersedia, serapan P, dan hasil padi hitam (Oryza sativa L.) pada inceptisol. Kultivasi, 19(1), 1040.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hafiz Fauzana, Nelvia, Rusli Rustam, Fifi Puspita, Suseno Qurnia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
More Information
