Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Several Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) In the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Cultivation using Different Numbers of Seeds
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a vital food crop that serves as the staple food for over half of the world's population due to its rich nutritional value. This study aims to determine the physiological and morphological characteristics of several rice varieties cultivated using the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) with varying seed densities. The research will be conducted in Geulumpang Payong Village, Jeumpa District, Bireuen Regency, situated at an altitude of approximately 0-969 meters above sea level (masl), from August to December 2024. The study will employ a Randomized Block Design (RBD) methodology. Two factors will be tested: rice varieties (Ciherang, Inpari 49, and Mustajab) and the number of seedlings per planting hole (4, 3, 2, and 1 seedling). A total of 12 treatments were conducted, with each treatment replicated three times, resulting in 36 experimental units. Each experimental plot measured 2 m x 2 m, with a planting distance of 25 cm x 25 cm, accommodating 81 plants per plot. Four sample plants were selected from each plot for analysis. The data obtained from the research were statistically analyzed using the F-test with SAS V9.12 software. If the analysis of variance indicated significant differences at the 5% level, a subsequent Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed. The results suggested that the variety, number of seedlings, and their interaction did not show significant differences across all parameters. However, the Inpari 49 and Mustajab varieties, along with the treatment of four seedlings per planting hole, demonstrated relatively favorable outcomes.
Downloads
References
Adinurani, P. G., Sri, R., & Teguh, S. (2017). Indeks luas daun berbagai umur dan jumlah bibit tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) dalam optimalisasi jumlah anakan. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Agroteknologi, 18(2).
Anggraini, F. A., Suryanto, & Aini, N. (2013). Sistem tanam dan umur bibit pada tanaman padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) varietas Inpari 13. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman - Universitas Brawijaya, 1.
Atman. (2007). Teknologi budidaya padi sawah varietas unggul baru Batang Piaman. Jurnal Ilmiah Tambuah, 6(1), 58–64.
Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. (2023). Statistik Indonesia 2023 (Vol. 1101001, pp. 1–780). Badan Pusat Statistik.
Berkelaar, D. (2001). SRI, the system of rice intensification: Less can be more. ECHO Development Notes, 10(70), 1–7.
BPN. (2024). Badan Pangan Nasional - Bantuan Pangan Beras 2024 mulai digulirkan, bentuk komitmen pemerintah konsisten bantu masyarakat berpendapatan rendah [Blog].
Darjanto, & Satifah, S. (1990). Pengetahuan dasar biologi bunga dan teknik silang buatan. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Gardner, F. P., Peace, R. B., & Mitchell, R. L. (1999). Fisiologi tanaman budidaya. The Iowa State University Press.
Hidayat, F. (2016). Memadukan pemeliharaan dan fase tanaman padi. Kementerian Pertanian, Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan.
Khakim, M., Sri, H. P., & Nur, B. (2019). Analisis pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada pola tanam SRI (System of Rice Intensification) dengan perbedaan umur bibit dan jarak tanam. Jurnal Agroteknologi Merdeka Pasuruan, 3(1), 24–31.
Koryati, T. (2004). Pengaruh penggunaan mulsa dan pemupukan urea terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.). Agronomi, 2(1), 15–19.
Kumalasari, S. N., Sudiarso, & Agus, S. (2017). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan jumlah bibit pada tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) hibrida varietas PP3. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 5(7), 1220–1227.
Maisura, Muhammad, A. C., Iskandar, L., Ahmad, J., & Hiroshi, E. (2015). Laju assimilasi bersih dan laju tumbuh relatif varietas toleran kekeringan pada sistem sawah. Jurnal Agrium, 12(1), 10–15.
Mahatir, M., Suryanto, A., & Udayana, C. (2023). Pengaruh jumlah benih per lubang tanam pada berbagai varietas terhadap efisiensi penggunaan energi tertangkap (EPI) radiasi matahari pada tanaman padi gogo (Oryza sativa L.). Universitas Brawijaya.
Malik, A. (2017). Pengembangan padi gogo. Jakarta: IAARD Press.
Nurahmi, E., Hasinah, H. A. R., & Mulyani, S. (2010). Pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis bunga akibat pemberian pupuk organik cair NASA dan zat pengatur tumbuh hormonik. Jurnal Agrista, 14(1).
Sembiring, J., Ofre, O., Mendes, J., & Rante, N. (2023). Respon pertumbuhan dan tingkat serangan hama pengerek batang pada berbagai varietas padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) yang ditanam di lahan bukaan baru Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua. Jurnal Agrikultura, 34(1), 144–153.
Sugito, Y. (1995). Metode ilmiah: Metode percobaan dan penulisan karya ilmiah. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya.
Suryani, E., & Anwar, R. (2017). Respons pertumbuhan tanaman padi terhadap varietas dan kondisi lingkungan pada musim kemarau. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 31(1), 92–98.
Wangiyana, W., Laiwan, Z., & Sanisah. (2009). Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi varietas Ciherang dengan teknik budidaya SRI (System of Rice Intensification) pada berbagai umur dan jumlah bibit per lubang tanam. Crop Agro, 2(1), 70–78.
Yunidawati, W., & Koryati, T. (2022). Pengaruh umur dan jumlah bibit per lubang tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Institusi Politeknik Ganesha Medan, 5(1), 116–130.
Copyright (c) 2025 Desi Ariani, Laila Nazirah, Baidhawi, Hafifah, Ismadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.