Increasing Cucumber Plant (Cucumis sativus L.) Growth and Production by Providing NPK Phonska and Gibberellin (GA3)
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a plant that has various advantages, one of which is a relatively short harvest period. This study was conducted to determine the most effective dose of NPK Phonska fertilizer and the optimal concentration of gibberellin growth regulator (GA3) to increase the growth and productivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants. This study was conducted from May to August 2025 at the Puri Serang Hijau, Serang City, Banten. The experiment was designed as a randomized block design with two treatment factors: the dose of NPK Phonska fertilizer (0, 350, 400, and 450 kg/ha) and the concentration of GA3 (0, 150, 175, and 200 ppm). The results showed that a single application of NPK Phonska fertilizer at a dose of 400 kg/ha gave the best effect on the growth and productivity of cucumber. This was reflected in greater plant height and more leaves, compared to other doses. The application of a single GA3 at a concentration of 200 ppm improved plant reproductive characteristics, such as accelerated flowering time. This study highlights the age of flower emergence and harvest age according to the varieties used as research objects.
Downloads
References
Amin, A., Sholihah, A., & Djuhari. (2024). Pengaruh dosis pupuk KNO₃ terhadap pertumbuhan dan kualitas hasil tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Jurnal Agronisma, 11(2), 476–485.
Anggraini, N., Triani, N., & Tarigan, P. L. (2025). Pengaruh dosis pupuk NPK dan konsentrasi ZPT giberelin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.). Jurnal Galung Tropika, 14(1), 22–32. https://doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v14i1.1374
Aulia, P., Subaedah, S., & Ralle, A. (2022). Pengaruh konsentrasi pupuk daun terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman hias aglaonema lipstik (Aglaonema crispum). AgrotekMAS Jurnal Indonesia: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 3(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.33096/agrotekmas.v3i1.202
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Banten. (2023). Produksi tanaman sayuran 2021–2023. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://banten.bps.go.id/indicator/55/68/1/produksi-tanaman-sayuran-dan-buah-buahan-semusim-di-provinsi-banten.html
Christine, M., Ivana, T., & Martini, M. (2021). Pengaruh pemberian jus mentimun terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia hipertensi di PSTW Sinta Rangkang tahun 2020. Jurnal Keperawatan Suaka Insan (JKSI), 6(1), 53–58. https://doi.org/10.51143/jksi.v6i1.263
El-Shereif, A., Zaghloul, A., & Abu Elyazid, D. (2017). Effect of streptomycin and GA₃ application on seedlessness, yield, and fruit quality of “Balady” mandarin. Egyptian Journal of Horticulture, 44(1), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejoh.2017.1178.1012
Fauzi, W., Saputro, N. W., & Agustini, R. Y. (2024). Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman timun apel (Cucumis sp.) akibat pemberian jenis media tanam dan NPK majemuk 15:15:15. Jurnal Agroplasma, 11(2), 655–662. https://doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v11i2.5910
Gustianty, L. R. (2016). Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) terhadap pupuk Seprint dan pemangkasan. Penelitian Pertanian BERNAS, 12(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/167DKH
Idha, M. E., & Herlina, N. (2018). Pengaruh macam media tanam dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah (Lactuca sativa var. crispa). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(4), 398–406.
Iftikhar, M. S., Cheema, H. M. N., Khan, A. A., DeLacy, I. H., & Basford, K. E. (2024). Genetic diversity assessment of cucumber landraces using molecular signatures. BMC Genomics, 25(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10958-z
Iftitah, S. N., Susilowati, Y. E., & Zulfani, M. U. (2025). Pengaruh saat pemberian dan konsentrasi giberelin terhadap hasil tanaman stroberi (Fragaria × ananassa). Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi, 27(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.20961/agsjpa.v27i1.89268
Karamina, H., Indawan, E., Murti, A. T., & Mujoko, T. (2020). Respons pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun terhadap aplikasi pupuk NPK dan pupuk organik cair kaya fosfat. Kultivasi, 19(2), 1150–1155. https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v19i2.26316
Kartikasari, O., Aini, N., & Koesriharti. (2016). Respon tiga varietas tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) terhadap aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh giberelin (GA₃). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 4(6), 425–430.
Kartina, R., Ferziana, & Gunawan, I. (2018). Tingkat kesukaan hama Plutella xylostella dan belalang (Locusta migratoria) terhadap tanaman kubis bunga (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) dataran rendah yang diberi kompos azolla dan pupuk NPK. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 201–205. https://doi.org/10.25181/prosemnas.v2018i0.1167
Khoirimah, B., Oktarina, & Murtiyaningsih, H. (2024). Efektivitas konsentrasi giberelin (GA₃) dan waktu penyiangan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.). Callus: Journal of Agrotechnology Science, 2(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.47134/callus.v2i1.2072
Nursayuti. (2021). Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schard.) akibat pemberian abu sabut kelapa dan pupuk NPK Phonska. Jurnal Pertanian Universitas Almuslim, 8(2), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.33059/jupas.v8i2.4406
Santoso, A. R., & Maghfoer, M. D. (2022). Pengaruh dosis pupuk P dan konsentrasi giberelin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 10(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.protan.2022.010.01.03
Septyan, R., Walida, H., Harahap, F. S., & Septyani, I. A. P. (2025). The effect of kasgot fertilizer application on the chemical properties of soil planted with cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.). Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA), 7(2), 680–686. https://doi.org/10.36378/juatika.v7i2.4791
Sihaloho, V. D., Widaryanto, E., & Nurlaelih, E. E. (2021). Pengaruh perbedaan dosis dan sumber nitrogen pada pertumbuhan dan hasil buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 9(5), 291–297.
Solihat, R. M., Syah, B., & Laksono, R. A. (2025). Pengaruh kombinasi dosis pupuk NPK dan konsentrasi pupuk organik cair limbah buah-buahan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) varietas Gustavi F1. Jurnal Agroplasma, 12(2), 711–721. https://doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v12i2.7469
Tripathy, B., Tripathy, P., Sindu, M. S., Pradhan, K., Sahu, B., Bhagyarekha, B., & Sandeep, R. (2020). Variability studies in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Journal of Plant Development Sciences, 12(6), 327–333.
Uliyah, V. N., Nugroho, A., & Nur, D. (2017). Kajian variasi jarak tanam dan pemupukan kalium pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 5(12), 2017–2025.
Widiwurjani, Suwandi, & Arista, R. A. (2020). Peran giberelin pada morfologi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai besar di dataran rendah (Capsicum annuum L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia, 5(1), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.32503/hijau.v5i1.878
Zain, A., Nurrachman, & Isnaini, M. (2023). Pengaruh pupuk kandang kambing dan pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun Jepang (Cucumis sativus L. var. japonensis). Agroteksos, 33(1), 303–311. https://doi.org/10.29303/agroteksos.v33i1.807
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfrida Azizah, Rusmana, Imas Rohmawati, Alfu Laila
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
More Information
