Identifikasi Komponen Senyawa Kimia Utama Penyusun Minyak Atsiri dari Berbagai Tanaman Obat dan Rempah; Review

Abstract

Essential oils, also called flying oils or volatile oils, are extracts obtained from various parts of medicinal plants and herbs, such as flowers, leaves, twigs, bark, and fruit. These oils have a strong distinctive aroma and are rich in beneficial chemical compounds. This article is produced by collecting data from several related sources and in line with focusing on the content of the main chemical compounds contained in several medicinal plants and spices. Medicinal plants and spices that can produce essential oils include jeringau, lempuyang wangi, red galangal, turmeric, kencur, temu giring, temu kunci, bangle, moringa leaves, insulin leaves, bay leaves, green betel, red betel, eucalyptus, nutmeg, kaffir lime, cinnamon, selembangu plant, kemukus, pegagan, black pepper, black cumin, cardamom, coriander and clove flowers. The final results showed some essential oil content of medicinal plants and spices; Kencur (Ethyl Cinnamate 65.98% and Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate 23.65%), Temugiring (acetophenone 18.93% and camphor (17.89%), Temu Kunci (camphor 32.22% and trans-ocimene 26.98%) and Black Pepper (delta-3-carene 13.51%, limonene 18.20% and trans-caryophyllene 23.77%). The differences in the main chemical compound components in each medicinal plant and spice are due to the type of plant, the plant part used, the extraction method, and the different environmental conditions of the plant.