Application of the Scrum Method in the Android-based TPQ Learning Application

ABSTRACT


Introduction
Currently, technology has become a primary need for human life to support its activities. Whether it's activities in various fields such as business, health, fashion, or even the world of education, One product of technology is a mobile application. Mobile can be interpreted as easy movement from one place to another, for example, a mobile phone. This means that a telephone terminal that can move easily from one place to another without interruption or interruption of communication This application can be accessed via wireless devices such as pagers, cell phones, and PDAs, which are software composed of various programming language logics that are structured to become tools on a mobile computer system [1], which can also be e-ISSN: 2622-1659 Jurnal Teknologi dan Open Source, Vol. 6, No. 1, June 2023: 120 -130 121 interpreted as allocating device transfers to other devices. To make it easier, the mobile application itself is more familiar with the Android application. Android is a Linux-based mobile device operating system that includes an operating system, middleware, and applications. Android provides an open platform for developers to create applications. Initially, Google Inc. bought Android Inc., which is a newcomer that makes software for cell phones or smartphones. Android can run on several types of devices developed by many different smartphone vendors [2].
Advances in mobile-based technology can also be used to create a new atmosphere in learning methods that will make the learning process more interesting, such as in building TPQ (Al-Qur'an Education Park) learning media for early childhood, which is currently being implemented at RA Al Hikmah. Kandis, TPQ itself covers getting to know, reading, and memorizing hijaiyah letters, daily prayers, and juz amma, which are part of the Al-Qur'an and must be introduced to children as early as possible in the development of learning to recognize hijaiyah letters, daily prayers, and juz amma. The development of interactive learning media is expected to make students more interested in the learning process and less easily bored if they are in class long enough during the teaching and learning process. In previous studies, it was stated that learning applications were able to attract students' attention and interest because they were presented in the form of images and animations, as evidenced by 80% of the 26 respondents agreeing with this [3]. To support the creation of learning media for recognizing hijaiyah letters, daily prayers, and jus amma at RA Al-Hikmah Kandis, a supporting method is needed in building this application; in this case, the author uses the scrum method.
The scrum method can be referred to as a method contained in the Agile model. Scrum is more interpreted as a way of developing a product that is freer and, as a whole, makes developers work as a unit that wants to achieve a common goal. In Scrum, a loop can also be said to be a Sprint, the duration of which ranges from one week to one month [4]. Scrum is also flexible for developing software, especially in building an information storage system, where, by using Scrum, the development team can make the necessary changes. Scrum is also a method used for the development of an activity that includes requirements, analysis, design, development, and delivery [5]. Scrum is not a process or technique for developing a product, but a framework that can contain various processes and techniques. Scrum has three characteristics: being light, easy to understand, and difficult to master. Empirical process control theory is the basis of Scrum, or it can be called empiricism, which focuses on knowledge gained from experience and making decisions based on that knowledge. In addition, to reduce risk and increase Scrum's predictability, it applies an Iterative (periodic) and Incremental (gradual) approach [6]. There are not many differences between Scrum and Agile, but they are not the same. Scrum is part of the Agile methodology; it can be said that Scrum is definitely agile, but agile is not necessarily Scrum. use in the development of long-term and repetitive applications as an example a few years ago the rise of viruses, with existing maps on google maps or any application that shows a map of the area, with the agile method you can add a system which areas have been affected by the spread of the virus in the application the map, another example of data in the application can be converted into data in the form of an API (Application Programming Interface) where if there is a change in data in the application the user does not need to update the application every time, if the data is already in the form of an API the data will be added by itself without having to update first, but with the application API it must be accessed with the internet [7].

Research Method
The methodology is used to obtain data that can be used as information to encourage problem solving in accordance with what is being studied, so in Figure 1 below, there are stages in the research carried out to find out whether the method used is feasible or not. This study uses the scrum methodology in designing its applications. Scrum is used by researchers to build applications that are in accordance with the wishes and needs of resource persons who interact directly with the teaching and learning process, such as teachers and parents, where the application will later run on the Android platform. Students can use the application, but under the supervision of teachers or parents, the stages carried out by researchers in supporting the establishment of this method in the development of applications later include identifying problems, designing systems, implementing scrum on systems that have been designed, testing applications, and drawing conclusions.

Identification of Problems
Identification of problems will be carried out by conducting interviews with the school regarding obstacles or problems in the teaching and learning process, as well as by building applications based on the needs of the school and teachers. Information results will be identified and will be used as supporting material in the development of an information system that will be built.

Design
From the need for problem identification, it is necessary to make system design modeling or applications in the form of Unified Modeling Language (UML) modeling. The UML modeling that is designed includes use case diagrams and activity diagrams and uses whimsical tools in making an initial description of the application that will be built later..

Use Case Diagrams
In the diagram in Figure 2, there is only one actor labeled by the user because the application to be built is a learning media application. The intended users of this application are students, parents, and teachers. The diagram shows that the system does not have a login, sign in, register, or access to enter an account before accessing the menu in the application, which is usually found in other applications. The absence of an entry menu and register is not without reason, based on the results of the implementation of previous problems that the author However, there are problems that almost all people experience, namely ignorance of registering accounts, logging in to accounts with email, and often forgetting the passwords they created themselves. The absence of important data in this application also underlies the absence of a login menu in this application..

Activity Diagrams
The user and system interactions are shown in this diagram, which also shows the application system's work flow. The following diagram shows the various parts of the activity that are divided into them : 2.1 Diagram of the Activity The user's initial entry into the application is shown on the Spalsh Screen. A splashscreen, which often displays the logo of an application, will greet the user before they reach the homescreen. The flow between the user and the system will be constructed, as shown in Figure 3..

Hijaiyah Letter Menu Activity Diagram
This diagram depicts an interaction between the user and the system contained on the homescreen. An instruction from the user, where the user requests a hijaiyah letter menu, will take the user to a screen that will show a list of all hijaiyah letters, where the activity will be depicted on Figure 4. Not much different from the previous menu, this daily prayer menu is located in one layout on the homescreen. In order to see the prayers on the menu, the user simply presses the prayer menu, and the system will take the user to the prayer list screen. The activity will be explained in the Figure below. been on Figure 5.

Figure 5. Activity Diagram Daily Prayer Menu
Juz Amma Menu Activity Diagram Activity Diagram The juz amma menu is the same as the other menus previously described; this menu is also located on the homescreen along with the other main menus. In order to read the juz amma, the user simply has to press the juz amma menu on the homescreen, and the system will take the user to the list. the last surah or juz in the Qur'an.

Design Wireframe
The first stage is where the initial idea or rough description of the application will be built by the author. This wireframe design will be the author's reference in building the application later. This design is still rough, and later there may be changes to the appearance or additional features outside the wireframe figure 7.

Scrum implementation
In developing applications using the Scrum method, there are several stages, including the product backlog, sprint planning, daily scrum, and spin review.

a. Product Backlog
The components that will become the system of learning applications that will be built by the author are listed in a structured way, from easy work to difficult work. The product backlog consists of features or items that will become the system of the application that will interact with the user. The outline of the features that will be used in the application is listed in the table, among them :

b. Sprint Planning
This stage compiles what activities will be carried out in making the system within 1 to 4 weeks of work. In making the system that will be carried out by the author, the work on the system is carried out with a sprint duration of 2 weeks. The plan is to make the application until it is finished and can be used. Making the application will be carried out in depth 3 sprint , what has not been completed, and the obstacles why it has not been completed. The daily scrum lasts 2 weeks in the previous sprint planning; therefore, the contents of the daily scrum also follow the many predetermined sprint plans.

d. Spint Review
The results of the sprint that the author has previously worked on for 2 weeks will be tested to see whether the system is running well and whether the features are in accordance with the sprint planning that has previously been set targets. If the first sprint has not been met, then it will be continued in the next sprint.

Result and Discussion
The results of this study are a technology-based learning application for children at RA Al Hikmah Kandis that will be used by teachers and parents to be able to develop learning media for RA Al Hikmah Kandis students in learning hijaiyah letters, daily prayers, and juz amma, with the following display :

Application Results
The results of the application discuss what features exist in the application that has been built based on the implementation and design of the research method..
a. Display splash screen and home screen: This display is the initial appearance of the application and will welcome the user when using the learning application. Home Screen Display The second display after the Splash Screen on this display aims to display the main features of this application, namely hijaiyah letters, prayers, and juz amma..

System Testing
Testing this learning media system includes stages that must be carried out, including interface testing. This test is carried out after the system has been built and aims to test whether the application runs properly or not before the user uses it.

3.2.1
Interface Testing This interface test aims to ensure that the functions in the application are in accordance with the  Description of the selected prayer The system displays a description of the selected prayer.

Valid
Description of the selected surah The system displays the description of the selected surah.

Valid
Favorite Page Added prayer list The system displays the added prayer list.

Valid
Added Surah List The system displays the added Surah list. Valid

Test Results
Based on the test results on the creative learning media system using the black box testing technique, it can be concluded that the creative learning media system functions as expected.