Optimization Of Composting Time from Palm Fronds and Empty Buttons Of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) with Various Bioactivators
Abstract
Composting or decomposition is a method of processing solid waste which has a high content (70% -80%). Empty fruit bunches from the processing of Crude Palm Oil Factories and fronds of palm oil (TM) plants have the potential to be used as organic fertilizer. Composting without a decomposer takes a long time of seven months, so a bio activator is needed to speed up the process. Research with the aim of determining the influence of various bio activators in accelerating the composting of palm fronds and empty bunches has been carried out at PT. Bahana Karya Semesta unit of Sungai Air Jernih Estate, Pauh, Sarolangun, Jambi in November 2021-February 2022. The Research method used was a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with two factors. The first factor is bioactivator consisting of four types such as LCPKS (liquid waste from crude palm oil factory), MOL (Local microorganism), EM4 (Effective microorganism 4) and cow dung. The second one is the compost material consisting of empty fruit bunch/EFB (5 kg), fronds (5 kg), EFB + fronds (2.5 kg + 2.5 kg), EFB + fronds + LCC (legume cover crop) (2 kg + 2kg + 1kg). C/N ratio, temperature, campiness, shrinkage, crumbly, and color of compost were also recorded. The results showed that the bio activator could decompose organic material with some of the parameters that we measured. The analysis of the C/N ratio showed that each treatment gave different results. Palm fronds + LCPKS had the highest C/N ratio of 91, meanwhile, the combination of EFB+cow dung showed the lowest C/N ratio of 23. The material of EFB + fronds + LCC showed the highest pH value of 6.36 and the highest compost depreciation of 57.48%. The variety of compost material has the same influence on the temperature, campiness, and color of the compost. Meanwhile, the type of bio activator had the same effect on temperature, pH, shrinkage, crumbly, and color of the compost.
Downloads
References
Ardiningtyas, TR (2013). The Effect of Using Effective Microorganism 4 (Em4) and Molasses on Compost Quality in Composting Organic Waste at Dr.R Soetrasno Hospital, Rembang. 4, 109.
Asyerem, FSJ (2012). Utilization of Trichoderma Biological Agents and Bacteria in Composting Ageratum conyzoides. L, Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray and Sago pulp. Journal of Agrotek, 3(3), 15–24.
Azlansyah, BA, Silvina, F., & Murniati. (2014). Effect of Composting Time of Oil Palm Empty Bunches (EFB) on the Growth and Development of Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). Online Journal of Students of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, 1(1), 1–12.
National Standardization Body. (2018). Solid Organic Fertilizer. National Standardization Body, 1–20.
Daryono, TRA, Cultivation, P., Plantation, T., Agriculture, P., & Samarinda, N. (2017). MAKING BOKASHI WASTE FROM OIL AND PALM OIL LEAVES ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq ) MAKING BOKASHI WASTE DISPOSAL AND PALM OIL LEAVES ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq ). Loupe Bulletin, 14(1), 6–12. https://www.neliti.com/publications/331124/pembuatan-bokashi-limbah-pelepah-dan-daun-kelapa-sawit-elaeis-guineensis-jacq
Directorate General of Plantations. (2021). National Leading Plantation Statistics 2019-2021, Oil Palm. Directorate General of Plantations, Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia, 1–88.
Hasibuan, ZH, Sabrina, T., & Sembiring, M. (2012). Potential of Azotobacter Bacteria and Forage Mucuna Bracteata in Increasing Nitrogen Nutrients in Compost of Empty Palm Oil Bunches. Journal of Agroecotechnology, 1(1), 237–253.
Hety, IY, & Prasetya, WB (2017). Easy and Fast Ways to Make Compost (Y. Veronik (ed.); 1st ed.).
Irianti, ATP, & Suyanto, A. (2017). Utilization of Trichoderma sp Fungi and Aspergillus sp As Decomposers in Rice Straw Composting. Journal of Agroscience, 13(2), 1–9.
Kesumaningwati, R. (2015). Use of Banana Weevil Mol (Musa paradisiaca) as a Decomposer for Composting Empty Palm Oil Bunches. Ziraa'ah, 40(1), 40–45.
Kesumaningwati, R. (2018). Use of Banana Weevil Mol (Musa paradisiaca) as a Decomposer for Composting of Banana's Corm (Musa paradisiaca) Microorganisms as Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Decomposer). Ziraa'ah, 40(1), 40–45.
Mardiana, S., Panggabean, EL, Kuswardani, RA, Usman, M., Agrotechnology, P., Agriculture, F., & Area, UM (2018). Agrotekma : Journal of Agrotechnology and Agricultural Science Utilization of Tea Powder Waste as a Substitution of Saw Powder on Mycelium Growth and White Oyster Mushroom Production Utilization of Tea Powder Waste as a Substitution of Saw Powder on Mycelium Gr. 3(1), 27–38.
PM Pardede, Armaini, SIS (2014). APPLICATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER FOR MUSTARD (Brassice juncea L.) APPLICATION. 3(3), 63–77.
Rahmadanti, MS, Okalia, D., Pramana, A., & Wahyudi. (2019). Various Combinations of Empty Palm Oil Bunches (Tkks) and Cow Manure Using Cellulotic Microorganisms (Mos). Scientific Journal of Technoscience, V(2).
Saraswati, R., & Praptana, RH (2017). Acceleration of Aerobic Composting Process Using Biodecomposers. Perspective, 16(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.21082/psp.v16n1.2017
Siagian, SW, Yuriandala, Y., & Maziya, FB (2021). ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE, pH AND QUANTITY OF COMPOST RESULTS FROM MODIFIED AEROB REACTOR COMPOST FROM FOOD WASTE AND FRUIT WASTE. Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 13(2), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.20885/jstl.vol13.iss2.art7
Suryanto, E. (2019). The Effect of Application of EM4 (Effective Microorganism 4) Dosage on the C/N Ratio and Compost Texture from Goat Manure as a Biology Learning Source for Junior High Schools. Journal of Education Lantern Research Center LPPM UM METRO, 4(1), 53–62.
Widiyawati, I., Sugiyanta, Junaedi, A., & Rahayu Widyastuti. (2014). The Role of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria to Reduce Inorganic Nitrogen Dosage in Lowland Rice. J. Agron. Indonesia, 42(2), 96–102.
Widyastuti, L., Sulistiyanto, Y., Jaya, A., Jagau, Y., & Neneng, L. (2019). Potential of Microorganisms as Biofertilizer from Palm Oil Mill Effluent. Surya Medika Journal, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v5i1.941
Zainudin, Z., & Rofik, A. (2019). Utilization of Palm Oil Mill Liquid Waste as a Bioactivator for Composting Empty Palm Oil Bunches. Agrifarm : Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.24903/ajip.v8i1.525
Copyright (c) 2023 Ali Mustafa Silalahi, Ryan Firman Syah, Pauliz Budi Hastuti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.