Increasing the Growth of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Ultisol Soil with the Provision of Solid Compost and Boiler Ash
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the primary food commodity for 98.86% of the Indonesian population. To meet national demand, rice production can be enhanced through the extensification and intensification of podzolic land using soil conditioners such as solid compost and oil palm boiler ash. This study aims to determine the interaction between solid compost and oil palm boiler ash, assess the effect of each treatment, and identify the optimal doses of solid compost and oil palm boiler ash for the growth and yield of upland rice cultivated in podzolic soil. The research was conducted using a factorial, completely randomized design (CRD). Factor I, solid compost, included the following treatments: 0 g per polybag (0 t.ha⁻¹), 12.5 g per polybag (2.5 t.ha⁻¹), 25 g per polybag (5 t.ha⁻¹), and 37.5 g per polybag (7.5 t.ha⁻¹). Factor II, boiler ash, comprised the following treatments: 0 g per polybag (0 t.ha⁻¹), 5 g per polybag (1 t.ha⁻¹), 10 g per polybag (2 t.ha⁻¹), and 15 g per polybag (3 t.ha⁻¹). The results indicated that a solid compost dose of 7.5 t.ha⁻¹ produced the best growth across all observed parameters. Additionally, a boiler ash dose of 2 t.ha⁻¹ was optimal for increasing the number of productive tillers, the number of whole grains per panicle, and the weight of dry milled grain per polybag. Conversely, a boiler ash dose of 3 t.ha⁻¹ was most effective in enhancing plant height, the maximum number of tillers, panicle emergence age, harvest age, the percentage of full grains, and the weight of 100 full grains.
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