Leaf Vegetable Seed Germination in Various Concentrations of Organic Liquid Fertilizer Based on Manure
Abstract
The use of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) derived from manure is an alternative nutrient source with the potential to enhance seed vigor and early plant growth. This study aimed to analyze the germination dynamics of four horticultural crops (kailan, lettuce, bok choy, and mung beans) and determine the most effective dose of a cow dung-based liquid organic fertilizer. The experiment was conducted at the MARDI Malaysia Organic Farm using a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six POC concentration treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) and four replications. Observed parameters included germination rate, plant height, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight. Results indicated that the 3–4% POC treatment elicited the best response across most parameters. The highest germination rate was recorded at concentrations of 3–5%, ranging from 20.33% to 23.00%, while the maximum seedling height of 20.38 cm was observed at a 3% dose. The greatest root length was found in the 5% treatment, measuring 17.50 cm for kailan, followed by 9.50 cm for bok choy and 8.75 cm for lettuce. The highest fresh and dry weights, 2.38 g and 0.38 g, respectively, were recorded in mung beans at a 4% concentration. Overall, manure-based POC at a 3–4% dose proved optimal for enhancing germination dynamics and early plant growth without inducing physiological stress.
Downloads
References
Agusta, A., Nopsagiarti, T., & Seprido. (2022). Pengaruh volume pemberian POC urin sapi terhadap produksi tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus) pada tanah Ultisol. Green Swarnadwipa, 11(1), 67–75.
Bey, Y., Syafi, W., & Sutrisna. (2006). Pengaruh pemberian giberelin (GA3) dan air kelapa terhadap perkecambahan biji anggrek bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis BL) secara in vitro. Jurnal Biogenesis, 2(2), 41–46.
Edi, S., & Barus, V. E. (2023). The effect of liquid organic fertilizer from cabbage waste on the growth of Brassica rapa L. var. chinensis. Jurnal Biosains, 9(2).
Fajri, S., & Ramadhan, A. H. (2020). Respon pemberian pupuk kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pupuk kalium terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) baby corn. Jurnal Pionir LPPM, 6(1), 82–94.
Fitri, R. Y., Ardian, & Isnaini. (2017). Pemberian vermikompos pada pertumbuhan bibit tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). JOM Faperta, 4(1), 1–15.
Habibi, I., & Elfarisna, E. (2018). Efisiensi pemberian pupuk organik cair untuk mengurangi penggunaan NPK terhadap tanaman cabai merah besar. Dalam Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pertanian (pp. 163–172).
Hadiyanto. (2021). Respon tanaman kacang panjang renek (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis) terhadap aplikasi pupuk kascing dan POC Nasa (Skripsi sarjana, Universitas Islam Riau).
Haspari, N. A. P., & Suparno. (2023). The effect of concentration variation of liquid organic fertilizer application on the growth of mustard plants. Journal of Research in Science Education, 9(7), 4894–4900. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i7.2837
Hasyim, Z., Tambaru, E., & Latunra, I. A. (2014). Uji penambahan berbagai dosis vermikompos terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif cabai merah besar (Capsicum annuum L.). Jurnal Alam dan Lingkungan, 5(10).
Hendriyanto, F., Okalia, D., & Mashadi. (2019). Pengaruh pemberian POC urine sapi terhadap pertumbuhan bibit pinang betara (Areca catechu L.). Jurnal Agro Bali, 2(2), 89–97.
Khoushafar, M., & Tehrani, M. F. (2024). The effect of vermicompost leachate and split root system of tomato on growth and crop per drop. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 13(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.57647/j.ijrowa.2024.1302.23
Liu, Z., Dai, H., Hao, J., et al. (2023). Current research and future directions of melatonin’s role in seed germination. Stress Biology, 3, 53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44154-023-00139-5
Lumbantoruan, S. (2015). Penggunaan media yang berbeda untuk pembibitan tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum). Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh.
Marginingsih, R. S. (2018). Pengaruh substansi pupuk organik cair pada nutrisi AB mix terhadap pertumbuhan caisim (Brassica juncea L.) pada hidroponik drip irrigation system. Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya, 5(1), 44–51. https://doi.org/10.29407/jbp.v5i1.12034
Mot, A., Parvulescu, O. C., Ion, V. A., Molosag, A., Dobrin, A., Baduescu, L., Orbeci, C., & Egri, D. (2024). Preparation, characterization, and testing of compost tea derived from seaweed and fish residues. Agronomy, 14, 1919. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091919
Panjaitan, E. (2023). The effect of liquid organic fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). JKPIM, 1(3).
Perez, P. G., De Gregorio, M. A., Capri, E., Zengin, G., & Lucini, L. (2025). Unleashing the nutritional potential of Brassica microgreens: A case study on seed priming with vermicompost. Food Chemistry, 475, 143281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143281
Rehatta, H., Marasabessy, D. A., & Gea, M. S. (2024). Effects of concentration and frequency of liquid organic fertilizer application on the growth and yield of Samhong mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian, 20(1), 40–53. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2024.20.1.40
Setiawati, M. R., Sofyan, E. T., Nurbaity, A., Suryatmana, P., & Marihot, G. P. (2017). Pengaruh aplikasi pupuk hayati, vermikompos, dan pupuk anorganik terhadap kandungan N, populasi Azotobacter sp., dan hasil kedelai edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) pada Inceptisol Jatinangor. Agrologia, 6(1), 1–10.
Una, A. A. (2020). Respon karakter agronomi cabai rawit lokal (Capsicum frutescens L.) terhadap perlakuan ekstrak fitohormon sebagai upaya domestikasi dalam pemuliaan tanaman. Cendana, 5(2), 38–40.
Usodri, K. S., Utoyo, B., Riniarti, D., Widiyani, D. P., Sari, R. P. K., & Guna, M. M. A. (2025). The effect of liquid organic fertiliser (POC) from goat and cow manure on the growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in the main nursery. Jurnal Agrotropika, 24(2), 442–454. https://doi.org/10.23960/ja.v24i2.11499
Voko, M. P., Kulkarni, M. G., Finnie, J. F., & van Staden, J. (2022). Seed priming with vermicompost leachate, Ecklonia maxima extract (Kelpak®), and smoke-water induce heat stress amelioration and growth in Vigna unguiculata L. seedlings. South African Journal of Botany, 147, 686–696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.02.025
Yusrianti. (2012). Pengaruh pupuk kandang dan kadar air tanah terhadap produksi selada (Lactuca sativa L.) (Skripsi sarjana, Universitas Riau).
Zhao, J., He, Y., Zhang, H., & Wang, Z. (2024). Advances in the molecular regulation of seed germination in plants. Seed Biology, 3, e006. https://doi.org/10.48130/seedbio-0024-0005
Copyright (c) 2026 Doni Supambri, Muhammad AlQamari, Sashikala Maruthai Pillai
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
More Information
