Evaluation of Land Suitability for Durian Plants (Durio zibethinus Murr.) in Wonosalam Village, Wonosalam District, Jombang Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) is a high-value tropical fruit commodity with strong development potential in humid tropical regions such as Wonosalam Village, Wonosalam District, Jombang Regency, East Java. However, durian productivity is highly dependent on land suitability in relation to crop growth requirements. This study aimed to evaluate actual land suitability for durian cultivation based on soil biophysical characteristics. Land evaluation was conducted using the matching method by comparing field and laboratory soil data with durian suitability criteria proposed by Ritung et al. (2011). Observed parameters include temperature, rainfall, humidity, drainage, soil texture, coarse fragments, effective soil depth, base saturation, cation exchange capacity, soil pH, organic carbon, available nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, slope, erosion hazard, flood hazard, surface rock, and rock outcrops. The results showed that actual land suitability classes ranged from S2 moderately suitable to S3 marginally suitable. The dominant limiting factors were suboptimal drainage, low nitrogen and potassium availability, and slope-related erosion risk in several land units. The main strength of this study lies in its integrated assessment combining soil properties with farmer land management practices, providing a realistic depiction of durian cultivation potential under current conditions. The findings offer a basis for land use planning and site selection for durian development. It is recommended that farmers and local stakeholders apply integrated soil management practices including drainage improvement, balanced fertilization, liming, and soil conservation measures to reduce limiting factors. These recommendations are expected to improve land suitability, increase durian productivity, and support sustainable land management.
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