Increasing the Growth and Production of Pakcoy Plants (Brassica rapa L.) with Variations in Planting Media in Hydroponic Systems
Abstract
Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) is a short-lived leafy vegetable with high nutrient requirements and is highly responsive to environmental conditions, making it well-suited for cultivation using hydroponic systems. Additionally, the limited availability of agricultural land in urban areas due to land conversion necessitates efficient cultivation methods that do not rely on soil. Hydroponic systems offer more precise control over nutrient management and the growing environment compared to conventional soil-based cultivation, potentially increasing production efficiency on limited land. The success of hydroponic pakcoy production is significantly influenced by the type of growing medium, which supports root development, maintains water availability, and facilitates aeration and nutrient absorption. Therefore, research on various growing media is essential to identify the most effective medium for enhancing pakcoy plant growth and yield. This study aims to: 1) determine the effect of various growing media on the growth and production of pakcoy plants in hydroponic systems (Brassica rapa L.); and 2) identify the best alternative growing medium for optimizing the growth and production of pakcoy in hydroponic cultivation. The research was conducted from May to July 2025 in the greenhouse of the Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic, Harau District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra. This study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with a non-factorial approach. The factor studied was the growing media, consisting of seven treatments: rockwool, bamboo humus, coconut fiber, chopped fern, rockwool + bamboo humus, rockwool + coconut fiber, and rockwool + chopped fern. The parameters observed included plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length, root length, and fresh plant weight. The results indicated that variations in growing media significantly affected the growth and production of Pakcoy plants in the hydroponic system. The combination of rockwool and coconut fiber as planting media yielded the best results for Pakcoy plant growth and production. Therefore, the optimal alternative planting media for Pakcoy growth and production in the hydroponic system was rockwool combined with coconut fiber.
Downloads
References
Abad, M., Noguera, P., Puchades, R., Maquieira, A., & Noguera, V. (2002). Physico-chemical and chemical properties of some coconut coir dusts for use as a peat substitute for containerised ornamental plants. Bioresource Technology, 82(3), 241–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00189-4
Awang, Y., Shaharom, A. S., Mohamad, R. B., & Selamat, A. (2009). Chemical and physical characteristics of cocopeat-based media mixtures and their effects on the growth and development of Celosia cristata. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 4(1), 63–71. https://doi.org/10.3844/AJAB.2009.63.71
Chhetri, S., Dulal, S., Subba, S., & Gurung, K. (2022). Effect of different growing media on growth and yield of leafy vegetables in nutrient film technique hydroponics system. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 7(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2022.070103
Lestari, R. W., Triani, N., & Makhziah. (2024). Pengaruh jenis media tanam dan konsentrasi nutrisi AB mix terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat basah tajuk tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik. G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan, 8(1), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.33379/gtech.v8i1.3554
Munns, R., Passioura, J. B., Guo, J., Chazen, O., & Cramer, G. R. (2000). Water relations and leaf expansion: Importance of time scale. Journal of Experimental Botany, 51(350), 1495–1504. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/51.350.1495
Muzafri, A., Alfiah, L. N., & Rahayu. (2023). Pengaruh jenis media tanam organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) dengan metode hidroponik sistem wick. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(1), 801–806. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v7i1.5360
Nabila, N. A., Purbajanti, E. D., & Budiyanto, S. (2024). Pengaruh modifikasi media tanam hidroton dan zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap produktivitas tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik sistem wick. Jurnal Agrotropika, 23(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.23960/ja.v23i1.8091
Nurifah, G., & Fajarfika, R. (2020). Pengaruh media tanam hidroponik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kailan (Brassica oleracea L.). JAGROS, 4(2), 281–291. https://doi.org/10.52434/jagros.v4i2.925
Nurjannah, B. R. W., Giono, & Haerul. (2022). Pertumbuhan sawi pakcoy sistem hidroponik wick pada beberapa media tanam. Jurnal Agrotan, 8(1), 1–3. https://ejournals.umma.ac.id/index.php/agrotan/article/view/1249
Rouphael, Y., Giordano, M., Cardarelli, M., Cozzolino, E., Mori, M., Kyriacou, M. C., & Colla, G. (2018). Plant- and seaweed-based extracts increase yield but differentially modulate nutritional quality of greenhouse spinach through biostimulant action. Agronomy, 8(7), Article 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8070126
Sambo, P., Nicoletto, C., Giro, A., Pii, Y., Valentinuzzi, F., Mimmo, T., Lugli, P., Orzes, G., Mazzetto, F., Astolfi, S., Terzano, R., & Cesco, S. (2019). Hydroponic solutions for soilless production systems: Issues and opportunities in a smart agriculture perspective. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, Article 923. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00923
Sarkar, D., Rahman, J., Uddain, J., Quamruzzaman, M., Azad, M. O. K., Rahman, M. H., Islam, M. J., Rahman, M. S., Choi, K.-Y., & Naznin, M. T. (2021). Nutritional content of red leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in organic substrates. Plants, 10(6), Article 1220. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061220
Savvas, D., & Gruda, N. (2018). Application of soilless culture technologies in the modern greenhouse industry: A review. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 83(5), 280–293. https://doi.org/10.17660/eJHS.2018/83.5.2
Suarsana, M., Parmila, I. P., & Gunawan, K. A. (2019). Pengaruh konsentrasi nutrisi AB mix terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) dengan hidroponik sistem sumbu. Agro Bali (Agricultural Journal), 2(2), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v2i2.393
Tuxun, A., Xiang, Y., Shao, Y., Son, J. E., Yamada, M., Tagawa, K., Baiyin, B., & Yang, Q. (2025). Soilless cultivation: Precise nutrient provision and growth environment regulation under different substrates. Plants, 14(14), Article 2203. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14142203
Umarie, I. (2020). Respons berbagai varietas pakcoy (Brassica rapa kultivar Chinensis) terhadap sumber nutrisi pada sistem budidaya hidroponik. Agritrop: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 18(2), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.32528/agritrop.v18i2.4108
Valupi, H., Rosmaiti, & Iswahyudi. (2021). Pertumbuhan dan hasil microgreens beberapa varietas pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) pada media tanam yang berbeda. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Samudra Ke-VI, 1–13. https://ejurnalunsam.id/index.php/psn/article/view/4797/3022
Warjoto, R. E., Mulyawan, J., & Barus, T. (2020). The effect of hydroponic growing media on spinach (Amaranthus sp.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 20(2), 118–125. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v20i2.1610
Xu, X., Liu, T., Yang, J., Chen, L., Liu, B., Wei, C., Wang, L., & Jin, Q. (2017). The first succinylome profile of Trichophyton rubrum reveals lysine succinylation on proteins involved in various key cellular processes. BMC Genomics, 18, Article 577. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3977-y
Copyright (c) 2026 Rovel Lando Fambari, Jonni, Chairunnisak, Sari Rukmana Okta Sagita Chan, Eka Susila, Benny Satria Achmad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
More Information
