Response Growth and Yield of Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Against Types of Planting Media and Fertilizer Concentration of Organic Liquid Banana Peels in a Hydroponics System-Wick System
Abstract
The increasing demand for pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) and limited land availability necessitate efficient cultivation techniques such as the wick hydroponic system. This study aimed to determine the effects of different growing media types, concentrations of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) derived from banana peel, and their interaction on the growth and yield of pakcoy. The experiment was conducted from January to February 2026 using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: growing media (rockwool, hydroton, cocopeat, and rice husk charcoal) and LOF concentration (10, 15, and 20 ml/L), each with three replications, along with a standard AB Mix control treatment. Results showed no significant interaction between the two factors for all measured parameters. Rice husk charcoal consistently produced the best growth, with the highest total fresh weight (49.34 g), plant height (6.24 cm), number of leaves (14.52), canopy width (21.88 cm), and leaf area (58.13 cm²). The 10 ml/L LOF concentration resulted in the best growth compared to higher concentrations, acting as an effective biostimulant. Conversely, the 20 ml/L concentration suppressed growth, likely due to low pH and nutrient imbalance. The key advantage of this finding is the identification of a cost-efficient cultivation strategy that reduces reliance on commercial AB Mix by utilizing household waste. It is recommended that home-scale growers adopt a combination of rice husk charcoal as the growing medium and weekly foliar spraying of 10 ml/L banana peel LOF as a biostimulant supplement to a low-dose AB Mix to optimize pakcoy growth.
Downloads
References
Agustiani, W., Syah, & Muharam. (2021). Pengaruh kombinasi dosis pupuk organik cair (POC) kulit pisang kepok dan pupuk urea terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) varietas Nauli F1 pada sistem vertikultur. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 7(7), 345.
Anbarasu, M., Chandrasekaran, M., & Bhaskaran, M. (n.d.). Foliar application impact of banana varieties peel extracts on the performance of black gram. Legume Research—An International Journal, 1, 6.
Annisa, M. D. (2026). Pengaruh substitusi POC kulit pisang kepok terhadap AB Mix pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik sistem sumbu [Skripsi, Universitas Andalas]. Universitas Andalas.
Darmawan, M. R., Ginting, C., & Syah, R. F. (2023). Strategies of increasing the growth and results pakcoy by modification of media and nutrition in the axis system hydroponic (wick system). Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (Juatika), 5(2), 388–397.
Desmasari, N. (2021). Pengaruh jenis nutrisi dan jenis media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica chinensis L.) varietas Nauli F-1 secara hidroponik sistem wick [Skripsi, Universitas Winaya Mukti]. Universitas Winaya Mukti.
Fambari, R. L., Chan, S. R. O. S., Susila, E., & Achmad, B. S. (2026). Increasing the growth and production of pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa L.) with variations in planting media in hydroponic systems. Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA), 8(1), 72–78.
Hanf, A. Z. (2023). Pengaruh konsentrasi dan interval waktu pemberian pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik sistem sumbu (wick system) [Disertasi, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur]. UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
Howeidi, M. A. R., Manea, A. I., & Slomy, A. K. (2022). The role of foliar spraying of banana peel extract and the addition of bio-fertilizer in the qualitative traits and total yield of carrot plants. NeuroQuantology, 20(12), 1216–1225.
Ishak, R. N. (2024). Respons tanaman pakcoy terhadap pemberian POC rebung dan media tanam pada hidroponik sistem wick [Skripsi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar]. Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar.
Jamilah, J., Karnilawati, K., & Junaidar, J. (2022). Uji efektivitas pupuk organik cair dan jenis media tanam secara hidroponik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Jurnal Real Riset, 4(2).
Kristianto, H. A., Prihatmo, G., & Madyaningrana, K. (2023). Pupuk organik cair kulit pisang kepok terhadap pertumbuhan kailan dalam sistem hidroponik. Bioma: Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajaran Biologi, 8(1), 1–15.
Lestari, R. W., & Triani, N. (2024). Pengaruh jenis media tanam dan konsentrasi nutrisi AB Mix terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan berat basah tajuk tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik. G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan, 8(1), 219–225.
Maharani, A. (2025). Pengaruh konsentrasi AB Mix dan jenis media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik sistem wick [Skripsi, Universitas Malikussaleh]. Universitas Malikussaleh.
Maulana, M. E. (2023). Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) pada aplikasi POC kulit pisang dan komposisi media tanam [Skripsi, UPN Veteran Yogyakarta]. UPN Veteran Yogyakarta.
Narulita, N., Hasibuan, S., & Mawarni, R. (2019). Pengaruh sistem dan konsentrasi nutrisi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik. Bernas: Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian, 15(3), 99–108.
Nasution, F. J., Mawarni, L., & Meiriani, M. (2013). Aplikasi pupuk organik padat dan cair dari kulit pisang kepok untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi sawi (Brassica juncea L.). Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2(3), 99570.
Oktanina Laksita Rini. (2025). Pengaruh penambahan pupuk organik cair kulit pisang kepok pada sumbu flanel dan wol terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) pada hidroponik sistem sumbu [Skripsi, UIN Sunan Kalijaga]. UIN Sunan Kalijaga.
Perwitasari, B., Tripatmasari, M., & Wasonowati, C. (2012). Pengaruh media tanam dan nutrisi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakchoi (Brassica juncea L.) dengan sistem hidroponik. Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 5(1), 14–25.
Sitepu, D. N., Sholihah, S., & Wahyuningrum. (2022). Pengaruh konsentrasi nutrisi AB Mix dan pupuk organik cair kulit pisang kepok terhadap produksi tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L.) sistem rakit apung. Jurnal Ilmiah Respati, 13(2), 174–188.
Syavira, A. (2023). Perbandingan pemberian pupuk organik cair dari kulit pisang (Musa paradisiaca) dengan pupuk anorganik AB Mix terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik teknik DFT [Skripsi, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry]. Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry.
Wahyuningsih, M. (2024). Pengaruh konsentrasi nutrisi AB Mix dan pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) secara hidroponik sistem sumbu (wick system) [Skripsi, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur]. UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andrianto Bagus Setiawan, Nova Triani, Widi Wurjani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially) with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA).
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
More Information
