Factors Affecting the Productivity of Oil Palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq at PTPN IV Regional II Gunung Bayu Plantation
Abstract
Oil palm is a strategic plantation commodity that is the main source of world vegetable oil and serves as the backbone of foreign exchange in Indonesia's agricultural sector. This study analyzes the factors that influence oil palm productivity at PTPN IV Regional II Gunung Bayu Plantation, Simalungun Regency. The research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression supported by SPSS. The data comprises primary data obtained from field observations and secondary data from the company over a period of five years. The results indicate that, partially, rainfall, plant age, fertilizer use, pesticide use, and labor have a significant effect on productivity. Among these, plant age is the most dominant variable. Collectively, all variables have a significant effect, and the regression model is suitable. The R-squared value shows the model explains 68.9% of the variation. The number of plants does not significantly affect productivity. Interestingly, the use of fertilizers and pesticides negatively affects productivity. Labor, however, has a significant positive effect on oil palm yields. The strength of this study lies in the use of monthly time series data over 60 periods, which produces a predictive model with high accuracy, thereby providing a more comprehensive and dynamic picture than studies based on annual data. In conclusion, integrated management of production factors is necessary to increase plantation productivity sustainably. These results are highly relevant for oil palm plantation management.
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References
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