Evaluation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity, Malondialdehyde Content, and Yield of Various Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Midlands West Sumatra
Abstract
Developing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the midlands is an alternative way to expand cultivation areas in Indonesia, but relatively high environmental temperatures can increase oxidative stress and reduce crop productivity. This study aimed to evaluate superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and yield of various wheat genotypes in the midlands of West Sumatra. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design with 14 genotypes and three replications. SOD activity and MDA content were analyzed descriptively, while yield per hectare was analyzed using analysis of variance followed by orthogonal contrast tests at a 5% significance level. SOD activity ranged from 0.42–1.25 units/g fw, while MDA content ranged from 1.65–3.58 μmol/g fw. Yields per hectare showed differences across the compared genotype groups, with GURI 1 producing the highest productivity of 1.70 tons/ha. This study provides information on the variation in physiological responses and productivity of various wheat genotypes in midland environments, thus providing a basis for identifying genotypes with better adaptation to high temperature stress. The GURI 1 genotype has the potential to be recommended for wheat cultivation development in the midland areas of West Sumatra. At the same time, SOD activity and MDA content can serve as physiological indicators to support selection and breeding programs for wheat adapted to relatively high-temperature environments.
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