Analysis of Vegetation Weeds in Coconut Plantations Palm Oil ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) People Based on Difference Year Plant
Abstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of Indonesia's strategic plantation commodities. Weed occurrence in oil palm plantations affects plantation management because weeds compete with the crop for light, water, nutrients, and growing space. This study aimed to analyze weed vegetation, identify dominant weed species based on the Important Value Index (IVI), and describe weed diversity in smallholder oil palm plantations established in different years in Jaya Agung Village, Bagan Sinembah District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The study was conducted from November 2024 to February 2025 using a field survey and purposive sampling. Vegetation analysis included density, frequency, the Important Value Index (IVI), the Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR), and the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′). The results showed that plantations established in 2005 contained five weed species, with Asystasia gangetica as the dominant species (IVI: 68.69%; SDR: 34; H′ = 1.19). Plantations established in 2010 contained nine weed species and were dominated by Ageratum conyzoides (IVI: 42.89%; SDR: 21; H′ = 1.85), whereas plantations established in 2014 contained thirteen weed species and were dominated by Kyllinga brevifolia (IVI: 47.73%; SDR: 24; H′ = 1.71). Across all observation plots, 17 weed species comprising 2,595 individuals were recorded. The findings indicate differences in weed species composition, dominance, and diversity among smallholder oil palm plantations of different planting ages, highlighting the importance of age-specific monitoring and targeted weed management based on the dominant species.
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References
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