Effectiveness of Arabica Coffee Seed Germination (Coffea arabica L.) with Various Combinations of Soaking Length and PGPR Concentration
Abstract
Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a significant plantation commodity in Indonesia, ranking after oil palm, rubber, and cocoa. Despite Indonesia's status as one of the world's leading coffee producers, national coffee productivity remains relatively low compared to several other prominent coffee-producing countries. One promising approach to enhance seedling performance is biopriming with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). This study aims to identify the optimal soaking duration and PGPR concentration for Arabica coffee seed germination. The research was conducted from September to December 2025, with the experimental trials carried out at the Land of the Surabaya City Food and Agriculture Security Agency (DKPP) and at the Biotechnology Laboratory of the Veteran National Development University of East Java. The experimental design employed was a two-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), comprising soaking time (12, 24, and 36 hours) and PGPR concentration (0, 15, 30, and 45 ml/L). We assessed seedling vigor index, root length, fresh seedling weight, and dry seedling weight. We analyzed the data using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level. The findings revealed significant interactions between soaking time and PGPR concentration affecting root length, seedling wet weight, and dry weight, indicating the importance of optimizing these factors to improve seedling growth performance.
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