Growth and Production Character Response of Kuantan Singingi Local Rice Mutants Resulting from Gamma Irradiation
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a crucial crop with significant importance in various regions. In Riau, specifically in Kuantan Singingi Regency, it ranks as the fourth largest area for rice production, showcasing numerous local rice varieties with substantial development potential. This study aimed to generate mutants exhibiting early maturity and reduced plant height through gamma-ray induced mutations. A non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) was employed, with the primary factor being the irradiation dose: R0 served as the control group without radiation, while the experimental group received an irradiation dose of 300 Gy, determined to be effective in prior research. Each treatment was replicated five times, utilizing a total of 600 plants per treatment. The findings indicated that rice plants subjected to 300 Gy irradiation exhibited shorter heights compared to those in the control group. Additionally, the stem circumference of plants irradiated with 300 Gy was significantly greater than that of the non-irradiated plants. Furthermore, the number of productive tillers was higher in the 300 Gy group compared to the control. However, the harvest age for rice plants exposed to 300 Gy was extended relative to those without radiation. Conversely, the length of the flag leaf in rice plants irradiated at 300 Gy was shorter than that of the control group. There remains a considerable need for data on the desired characteristics of rice mutants to facilitate advanced breeding efforts.
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